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The scope of practice for physical therapists is dynamic, evolving with evidence, education, and societal needs.

The scope of practice for physical therapists has three components: professional, jurisdictional, and personal.

The professional scope of practice is grounded in the profession’s unique body of knowledge, supported by educational preparation, based on a body of evidence, and linked to existing or emerging practice frameworks.

The jurisdictional (i.e., legal) scope of practice is established by a state's practice act governing the specific physical therapist’s license, and the rules adopted pursuant to that act. The Model Practice Act for Physical Therapy (MPA) is the preeminent standard and most effective tool at the state level for revising and modernizing physical therapy practice acts via legislation. 

Personal scope of practice consists of activities for which an individual physical therapist is educated and trained and their competence to perform.


Recommended Content

APTA Guide to Physical Therapist Practice

Feb 9, 2023 / Website

Physical Therapist's Scope of Practice

Sep 13, 2017 / Policies & Bylaws


Additional Scope of Practice Content

Better Together: Co-Managing Patient Care

Oct 1, 2025 / Feature

PTs and PTAs are showing that care gets stronger — and outcomes improve — when providers work side by side.

Defining Moment | Extreme Conditions and Exceptional People

Aug 1, 2025 / Column

At the coldest, driest, and windiest place on Earth, a PT finds renewed purpose by treating a deeply motivated population.

Physical Therapy's Role in Hospital at Home

Jul 1, 2025 / Feature

Hospital-level care is moving into patients’ homes — and PTs are helping lead the way in this evolving model.

A Critical Addition: Embedding PTs Into Emergency Departments

Jun 1, 2025 / Feature

How incorporating physical therapists in emergency medicine can improve patient outcomes.

Serving Those Who Serve: Honoring Physical Therapy's Deep Ties to the Military

May 5, 2025 / Article

From human performance teams to primary care PTs, discover six powerful stories showcasing the intersection of physical therapy and the armed forces.

Physical Therapists in Unusual Settings

May 1, 2025 / Feature

See how five clinicians use their expertise in uncommon areas.

Defining Moment: From PT to Patient

Feb 1, 2025 / Column

How becoming the patient changed the clinical perspective of this clinician.

Everything You Need to Know About Supervision

Feb 1, 2025 / Feature

Changes to Medicare in 2025 will impact requirements for PT supervision of PTAs. Do they make direct supervision obsolete?

PTs' Role on US Army Human Performance Teams

Jan 14, 2025 / Perspective

How physical therapists contribute to a multidisciplinary approach to improving the health of soldiers.